Obesity has become a worldwide pandemic disease, as well as a biological disaster, psychological and social. The problem has reached alarming levels in both industrialized countries and in those who are not. The prevalence of obesity in industrialized countries is increasing, the prevalence of obesity in the United States increased by 30% in adults older than 20 years, according to the NHANES III (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). In our Latin American countries, the prevalence is lower, but it is a public health problem as well as malnutrition.
problem not only in adults, but increasingly in children and adolescents. The prevalence of overweight among Hispanic children is higher than the general pediatric population. In addition, the prevalence of obesity among Hispanic adults is higher than the general population.
23% of Hispanic children and adolescents, aged between 6 and 19 years old, are overweight, as measured by Index body mass (BMI ), compared with 15% of Hispanic children and adolescents. (JAMA October 9, 2002 - Analysis of Data from NHANES)
Over 27% of overweight Hispanic adolescent boys. (JAMA October 9, 2002 - Analysis of Data from NHANES)
Almost two in three adults (64.5%) in the United States are overweight or obese among Hispanics, the rate is even higher. Nearly three in four Hispanic adults (73.4%) in the United States are overweight or obese. (JAMA October 9, 2002 - Analysis of Data from NHANES)
Obesity is associated with diabetes and the incidence of diabetes is almost twice as high among Hispanic Americans in the general population. Among Hispanic-origin population in the United States, 10.2% (more than one in 10) suffer from diabetes, compared with 6.2% of the total population. (National Technical diabetes, Centers for Disease Control, 2000).
In the past 20 years, caloric intake among U.S. adolescents (of all ethnic backgrounds) has remained relatively stable, while physical activity has declined 13%. (National Institutes of Health, according to L Sutherland, Experimental Biology 2003).
The more hours are spent watching television, are more likely to children are obese and over 50% of Hispanic children spend 3 or more hours a day watching television, compared with 37% of white children.
What is Obesity?
is a disease that combines metabolic factors, nutritional, genetic, psychological and environmental, as evidenced by an increase in fat mass over 25% of what is considered normal for each individual by sex, age and physiological condition. Obesity
Types: There are various classifications of obesity. One of the most common is the BMI is an indicator that is calculated by dividing the person's current weight by your height squared Kg./m2 The classification is shown in Table n ª 1.
problem not only in adults, but increasingly in children and adolescents. The prevalence of overweight among Hispanic children is higher than the general pediatric population. In addition, the prevalence of obesity among Hispanic adults is higher than the general population.
23% of Hispanic children and adolescents, aged between 6 and 19 years old, are overweight, as measured by Index body mass (BMI ), compared with 15% of Hispanic children and adolescents. (JAMA October 9, 2002 - Analysis of Data from NHANES)
Over 27% of overweight Hispanic adolescent boys. (JAMA October 9, 2002 - Analysis of Data from NHANES)
Almost two in three adults (64.5%) in the United States are overweight or obese among Hispanics, the rate is even higher. Nearly three in four Hispanic adults (73.4%) in the United States are overweight or obese. (JAMA October 9, 2002 - Analysis of Data from NHANES)
Obesity is associated with diabetes and the incidence of diabetes is almost twice as high among Hispanic Americans in the general population. Among Hispanic-origin population in the United States, 10.2% (more than one in 10) suffer from diabetes, compared with 6.2% of the total population. (National Technical diabetes, Centers for Disease Control, 2000).
In the past 20 years, caloric intake among U.S. adolescents (of all ethnic backgrounds) has remained relatively stable, while physical activity has declined 13%. (National Institutes of Health, according to L Sutherland, Experimental Biology 2003).
The more hours are spent watching television, are more likely to children are obese and over 50% of Hispanic children spend 3 or more hours a day watching television, compared with 37% of white children.
What is Obesity?
is a disease that combines metabolic factors, nutritional, genetic, psychological and environmental, as evidenced by an increase in fat mass over 25% of what is considered normal for each individual by sex, age and physiological condition. Obesity
Types: There are various classifications of obesity. One of the most common is the BMI is an indicator that is calculated by dividing the person's current weight by your height squared Kg./m2 The classification is shown in Table n ª 1.
Table 1. Criteria for establishing the degree of obesity
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Classification BMI (kg/m2) Risk of Disease and / or complications
Classification BMI (kg/m2) Risk of Disease and / or complications
--------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- Underweight
------------------- <>
18.5 to 24.9 None Normal
Overweight 25 to 29.9 Slight risk
Obesity grade I 30 - Moderate risk 35
Obesity grade II 36 - High risk 40
Obesity grade III 41 to 45 Very high risk
Morbid obesity grade I from 46 to 50 Far
Heart Disease Hypertension
joint problems
Osteoarthritis Respiratory
Calculations
Gallbladder varices
Hiatal Hernia Low Self-Esteem Attempted suicide
Cancer Diabetes Endocrine
Fatty Liver Sleep Apnea
Underachievement school and work
------------------- <>
18.5 to 24.9 None Normal
Overweight 25 to 29.9 Slight risk
Obesity grade I 30 - Moderate risk 35
Obesity grade II 36 - High risk 40
Obesity grade III 41 to 45 Very high risk
Morbid obesity grade I from 46 to 50 Far
risk
Morbid obesity grade II from 51 to 55 Far
Morbid obesity grade II from 51 to 55 Far
risk obesity
Supersuper> 55 extreme risk
Supersuper> 55 extreme risk
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Another classification is according to the distribution of body fat, which can be:
1) abdominal obesity or android (apple type): those people who accumulate most of their excess body fat level abdominal, this type is more common in males and is the one that carries more risk to chronic degenerative diseases.
2) Obesity buttocks - femoral or gynecoid (pear type): those people who accumulate most of their excess body fat at the hips, buttocks and thighs. It is more common in females and lesser risk to chronic degenerative diseases.
Causes of Obesity: The causes of obesity is multifactorial, ie different factors that influence the onset and progression of this disease. Among these factors are:
a) The poor eating habits: too much food rich in saturated fats and sugars refined, they are poor in nutrients and high in empty calories.
b) Sedentary lifestyle: physical inactivity, the jobs that force them to spend long hours sitting, but the hours we spend watching TV do not consume excess calories consumed in food.
c) Genetics: the trend of overweight is hereditary, due to the inheritance of a group of genes that predispose to this condition and what we inherit from our parents or grandparents.
d) Factors Socio - Cultural: There are societies where being overweight symbolizes vitality and health, other countries lifestyles are so fast that they are required to eat junk food.
d) Age, sex, and condition physiological: it is more often overweight and obesity in women than men, just as they tend to accumulate more fat as they age.
1) abdominal obesity or android (apple type): those people who accumulate most of their excess body fat level abdominal, this type is more common in males and is the one that carries more risk to chronic degenerative diseases.
2) Obesity buttocks - femoral or gynecoid (pear type): those people who accumulate most of their excess body fat at the hips, buttocks and thighs. It is more common in females and lesser risk to chronic degenerative diseases.
Causes of Obesity: The causes of obesity is multifactorial, ie different factors that influence the onset and progression of this disease. Among these factors are:
a) The poor eating habits: too much food rich in saturated fats and sugars refined, they are poor in nutrients and high in empty calories.
b) Sedentary lifestyle: physical inactivity, the jobs that force them to spend long hours sitting, but the hours we spend watching TV do not consume excess calories consumed in food.
c) Genetics: the trend of overweight is hereditary, due to the inheritance of a group of genes that predispose to this condition and what we inherit from our parents or grandparents.
d) Factors Socio - Cultural: There are societies where being overweight symbolizes vitality and health, other countries lifestyles are so fast that they are required to eat junk food.
d) Age, sex, and condition physiological: it is more often overweight and obesity in women than men, just as they tend to accumulate more fat as they age.
Consequences of Obesity:
Heart Disease Hypertension
joint problems
Osteoarthritis Respiratory
Calculations
Gallbladder varices
Hiatal Hernia Low Self-Esteem Attempted suicide
Cancer Diabetes Endocrine
Fatty Liver Sleep Apnea
Underachievement school and work
WHAT TO DO
Are you a person whose BMI is higher than normal must first accept that there is a problem and that should get you the best solution. The second step is to attend the consultation with the nutritionist, the internist and endocrinologist to address the problem in a multidisciplinary fashion.
The idea is not dieting copied from a neighbor or a magazine, which will only continue for a while, getting to regain the lost weight and feeling frustrated, neither is the use of drugs not recognized by the FDA, putting at risk health.
It is best to let the experts will perform an integral y evaluación de su determinen cause problem poder para el mejor tratamiento personalizado give.
Are you a person whose BMI is higher than normal must first accept that there is a problem and that should get you the best solution. The second step is to attend the consultation with the nutritionist, the internist and endocrinologist to address the problem in a multidisciplinary fashion.
The idea is not dieting copied from a neighbor or a magazine, which will only continue for a while, getting to regain the lost weight and feeling frustrated, neither is the use of drugs not recognized by the FDA, putting at risk health.
It is best to let the experts will perform an integral y evaluación de su determinen cause problem poder para el mejor tratamiento personalizado give.
Dott, ssa Rosisella Puglisi
Nutritionist - Dietitian
Magister Clinical Nutrition