Athletes, especially those engaged in resistance activity, tend to have slightly lower hemoglobin levels when compared with the same sex, race, and age but who are not athletes.
A low hemoglobin level is called anemia and, if present in person than regular exercise, "the sports anemia." Many specialists say that the anemia of the sportsman is a misconception, because most of the male athletes have a "false anemia. In fact, their hemoglobin levels are low because during aerobic exercise on blood volume expands and decreases the concentration of red cells containing hemoglobin. We say that this is a "dilution anemia." Dilution anemia This is a mechanism of adaptation that the body of the athlete during training. The intense exercise decreases the blood volume from 10 to 20% through three different mechanisms.
- First, to increase blood pressure and muscle compression which increase the pressure of blood flow in the capillaries of active muscles .- The second is the formation of lactic acid and other metabolic substances in the muscle, which thus increases the osmotic pressure of tissue .- The third is the loss of the plasma through sweat.
The consequence of these three mechanisms is the secretion of renin, aldolsterone and vasopressin, to conserve water and salt. Although albumin is added to the blood, causing an expansion of the initial levels of blood. Even a simple session of high intensity exercise can expand the blood volume by 10% over a period of 24 ore.Per this reason it is not normal and pathological find athletes with 1 g / dL to 1.5 g / dL of hemoglobin under levels considered normali.Per distinguish that this is a false anemia or anemia of the sportsman and not a pathology such as anemia ferropriva, the ideal would be to know the values \u200b\u200bof the athlete before the athlete's training or the start of gara.Nel false anemia is the key to get to the aerobic conditioning because the increase in plasma volume allows you to adapt and enhance the athlete's heart beats. This is more than enough to compensate for the reduction of the concentration of hemoglobin per unit of blood, then the body administering more oxygen to the muscles for a better performance of physical activity.
A low hemoglobin level is called anemia and, if present in person than regular exercise, "the sports anemia." Many specialists say that the anemia of the sportsman is a misconception, because most of the male athletes have a "false anemia. In fact, their hemoglobin levels are low because during aerobic exercise on blood volume expands and decreases the concentration of red cells containing hemoglobin. We say that this is a "dilution anemia." Dilution anemia This is a mechanism of adaptation that the body of the athlete during training. The intense exercise decreases the blood volume from 10 to 20% through three different mechanisms.
- First, to increase blood pressure and muscle compression which increase the pressure of blood flow in the capillaries of active muscles .- The second is the formation of lactic acid and other metabolic substances in the muscle, which thus increases the osmotic pressure of tissue .- The third is the loss of the plasma through sweat.
The consequence of these three mechanisms is the secretion of renin, aldolsterone and vasopressin, to conserve water and salt. Although albumin is added to the blood, causing an expansion of the initial levels of blood. Even a simple session of high intensity exercise can expand the blood volume by 10% over a period of 24 ore.Per this reason it is not normal and pathological find athletes with 1 g / dL to 1.5 g / dL of hemoglobin under levels considered normali.Per distinguish that this is a false anemia or anemia of the sportsman and not a pathology such as anemia ferropriva, the ideal would be to know the values \u200b\u200bof the athlete before the athlete's training or the start of gara.Nel false anemia is the key to get to the aerobic conditioning because the increase in plasma volume allows you to adapt and enhance the athlete's heart beats. This is more than enough to compensate for the reduction of the concentration of hemoglobin per unit of blood, then the body administering more oxygen to the muscles for a better performance of physical activity.
There is another effect in athletes, called "Hemolysis by impact of the foot": it is the breakdown of red cells due to the impact of the foot to the floor, going on in dance aerobics, working with weights, and many times in swimming. Some specialists call the hemolysis sforzo.Questo factor also contributes to the decrease the concentration of red cells that carry hemoglobin, and thus lowers the concentration of hemoglobin in the athlete.
If during the checks, the athletes are low levels of hemoglobin, less than 1.5 g / dL or that you have found the food source (and / or iron deficiency), one must take into account the correction of anemia. In the case of a false anemia is not recommended no treatment, or neither vitamin nutrition.
In cases of iron deficiency anemia usually is prescribed ferrous sulphate (65 mg elemental iron per pill), not more so because it can cause irritation gastrointestinale.Le pills are associated with vitamin C or preferably juice citric fruits (orange, lemon, lime, kiwi) to help the absorption of ferro.Ovviamente is strongly recommended a diet rich in iron.
If during the checks, the athletes are low levels of hemoglobin, less than 1.5 g / dL or that you have found the food source (and / or iron deficiency), one must take into account the correction of anemia. In the case of a false anemia is not recommended no treatment, or neither vitamin nutrition.
In cases of iron deficiency anemia usually is prescribed ferrous sulphate (65 mg elemental iron per pill), not more so because it can cause irritation gastrointestinale.Le pills are associated with vitamin C or preferably juice citric fruits (orange, lemon, lime, kiwi) to help the absorption of ferro.Ovviamente is strongly recommended a diet rich in iron.
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